Chapter 1: Big Brains, Bigger Brains

• Boskop 
• Possible offshoot of the human race with larger brains than modern humans.
• Named for Boskop, South Africa where they were found.
• While notable at the time, the find has largely been forgotten.
• Are Bigger Brains Better?
• Yes, bigger brains make for a more intelligent animal.
• Brain and Language
• Language is very important
• Uniquely human
• Allows for the transmission of knowledge between generation
• Each generation does not start from scratch.
• Were Boskops smarter?
• Probably
• Why Haven't we Heard of Boskops Before?
• Prejudices - the belief that because we modern humans have some trait then it must be advantageous.
• There is precedence for this: Liebnitz's notation, particle vs. wave theory of light.
• Outline of the book

1. Introduction
2. Brain circuits
3. Genetics
4. Brain structures
5. The neocortex
6. Olfaction and cognition
7. Parts of the brain and what they do
8. How do you get from simple biological machinery to thought
9. Brain differences in humans
10. Species and subspecies
11. Primate and hominid ancestors
12. The Piltdown find
13. Differences in primate brains
14. Speculation about the Boskop